In Moon Camp Pioneers, each team’s mission is to 3D design a complete Moon Camp using the software of their choice. They also have to explain how they will use local resources, protect astronauts from the dangers of space and describe the living and working facilities in their Moon Camp.
郑州轻工业大学附属中学 河南省郑州市-金水区 China 18, 19 4 / 3 English
3D design software: Fusion 360
With the rapid increase of the Earth’s population, various resources are gradually in short supply. As the Earth’s natural satellite, the moon has a unique space position and abundant resources. These advantages make the moon the first choice for human space exploration and resource development and utilization. To become the main site of future lunar exploration and exploration pioneers.
With the deep development of lunar exploration, many lunar exploration programs and development programs at home and abroad take the construction of lunar base as an important goal. The construction of the lunar base will serve subsequent unmanned and manned missions to the moon. Our base is a camp that combines scientific research and life. The main purpose is to build a research base that can live for a long time, provide basic life, health, and safety guarantee for researchers, and at the same time provide a favorable environment for scientific research.
Our site will be the Von Karman Impact Crater on the back of the moon in the Aitoken Basin. First, the crater retains the rocks of the original lunar crust, whose materials and components are very representative, such as iron oxide, thorium, titanium dioxide, etc. Collecting the data on rocks can help scientists better understand the formation of the lunar crust and the activities of ancient volcanoes, which is of high scientific research value. Second, the basin is flat enough that it is located at a latitude that provides ample sunlight but is not exposed to the glare of the sun. In addition, there are a large number of permanent shadow areas and abundant water ice resources to provide security for astronauts’ daily life and water research; Finally, the pure electromagnetic environment on the far side of the moon also provides an excellent place for scientific experiments.
The moon camp must be indestructible, a large number of permanently Shadowed areas on the moon’s back are good for building camps. There is a vacuum on the surface of the moon and there are a lot of dust storms, to protect the astronauts from dust storms we should use airtight materials, and radiation shielding equipment is also important. The outer crust of the moon camp is Whipple, named after an astronomer, named Whipple. The Whipple Shield is made of a thin outer plate with small gaps in the middle layer. Behind the inner plate, the outer material does not absorb much impact velocity, but it breaks the impactor into many tiny fragments, scattering kinetic energy onto the inner plate, greatly reducing the impact of the impactor.
As a place for astronauts to live and conduct research, Moon Camp protects our astronauts from sandstorms, magnetic storms, and cosmic rays. To prevent the impact of meteorite fragments or space junk, we use a simple shield shell to reduce the kinetic energy of the impact, to better protect the camp.
Water
The lunar soil contains many oxygen-containing iron minerals, which can be used as raw materials to produce fresh water and oxygen. The method is to collect lunar soil by space mining vehicle, select oxygen-containing iron minerals by intelligent machinend then react and reduce hydrogen with oxygen-containing iron minerals to obtain fresh water.
Food
In the early stage of the base, we will eat food brought from Earth, and as the Moon farm matures, we will gradually eat food grown in space.
Energy
We will build solar power stations on the moon. Because there is no wind or rain on the surface of the moon, it is sunny and cloudy, and the sun shines on the surface of the moon, and there is no atmosphere to absorb it. The radiation intensity of the sun is about 1.5 times that of the Earth, so we can fully use solar energy for lighting, heating, heating, and electricity generation. In addition, the lunar soil is rich in helium III, which can be extracted for controlled nuclear fusion to power the base.
Air
The base uses oxygen generators to produce oxygen. First, space mining vehicles are used to collect lunar soil, which is rich in iron and titanium compounds. It can be used as a catalyst to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen, hydrogen, methane, and methanol with the help of artificial light synthesis technology.
For astronauts, the garbage generated on the moon is stored in a sealed bag in a storage room after thawing plastic compression and packaging with a garbage compressor. After that, the garbage is stored in a cargo spacecraft. After returning to the earth, it will be disintegrated by friction heating when it passes through the atmosphere.
The moon and the earth are transmitted by satellite. On the extension of the far side of the moon, there is a special point called the second Lagrangian point of the Earth-moon system, and if a satellite were placed near this point, it would drift near this point. We can control its drift so that it can be seen by observatories on the far side of the moon and from Earth at the same time, and then we can transmit signals through the satellite. The moon camps can communicate with each other by radio.
At our lunar camp, biological and material science topics will be our focus. The environment on the moon is quite different from that on Earth, and it is an excellent place for scientific research. We plan to conduct plant cultivation, life science and space physics research on the moon. The moon’s low gravity and no oxygen conditions are suitable for the study of plant varieties; The environment on the surface of the moon has a different effect on life than on Earth, so life science experiments can be conducted to study adaptability and the ability of life to survive in a heterogeneous environment; Various phenomena and effects of space physics, such as solar radiation, ionization and cosmic rays, can be studied experimentally on the lunar surface.
They need to undergo rigorous and systematic training and learning in space subjects, including physical exercise, theoretical training, psychological training, endurance and adaptability training in special environment, survival skills and space technology training, space medicine training, space science and skills training and various comprehensive exercises and training. In addition to the above training, astronauts also have to train with the same crew. Finally, the crew conducted integrated flight simulation training with the ground aerospace control center. Through training, astronauts can improve their body’s tolerance and adaptability to special environmental factors, master professional knowledge and special skills about aerospace, and learn to drive spacesuits.
The number of spacecraft to be deployed is large, the mission is different, the work is complex, and the construction period is long. We need to use manned rockets and cargo ships to send astronauts and materials to build a lunar base to the moon, and use lunar rovers and space mining vehicles on the moon to explore and mine lunar resources for experiments. Using the lunar surface environment to establish superconducting conditions for electromagnetic launch of aircraft, the way of linear acceleration or cyclotron acceleration can be considered to send small aircraft directly to the lunar Earth transfer entrance. A lot of work on the lunar surface needs robots to complete. Single robot operation and multi-robot cooperative operation to complete facility construction, equipment development, equipment maintenance, equipment repair and replacement have become the key to long-term operation of the base.
