In Moon Camp Pioneers, each team’s mission is to 3D design a complete Moon Camp using the software of their choice. They also have to explain how they will use local resources, protect astronauts from the dangers of space and describe the living and working facilities in their Moon Camp.
郑州轻工业大学附属中学 河南省郑州市-金水区 China 18, 19 6 / 2 English
3D design software: Fusion 360
The main body of the Lunar Optimum is shaped like a rabbit, which is a combination of western Easter culture and Chinese zodiac culture. The rabbit shape and light color as the theme, not only to add some fun and warmth to the astronauts living on the Moon base, but also to the future astronauts activity such as off rabbit, vigorous, full of vitality.
We will use 3D printing technology to build the camp. Most of the cabins are in the main body. The relatively intact and closed structure of the camp helps the astronauts to protect themselves from the harsh lunar environment. The compact layout allows us to control the camp better.Lunar Optimum focuses on scientific research, with space resources exploration and utilization, biomedicine, animal and plant breeding and other scientific research equipment, spacecraft, lunar rover and mass accelerator are transportation tools. The lounges, restaurants, gyms and medical rooms, which are complemented by AI research, provide astronauts with a high-quality, healthy and comfortable life. It also supplies water, air, food and energy.
Lunar Optimum not only as a booster for exploration of the moon, but also as a way station for human exploration of Mars and more mysterious planets.
In the lunar camp project, the main purpose of the lunar camp we established is scientific. In order to achieve this, we have established two research laboratories, one for space observation and the other for biomedicine. In order to facilitate the research of space observation, we have established an astronomical observatory and a central control room to control the astronomical observatory; In biomedical research, we manufacture inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometers (ICP-MS), which are used for qualitative, semi-quantitative and quantitative analysis of one or more elements in material samples, as well as medical distribution trolleys to facilitate communication with medical rooms.
We plan to build a camp in the largest basin in the solar system, the Aitken Basin on the South Pole of the Moon. With a diameter of 2,500 kilometers and a depth of 12 kilometers, this crater is not only a perfect place to study the inner structure and evolution of the moon, but also provides favorable conditions for the construction of camps to withstand low temperature and high energy radiation. It is also rich in ice water, helium 3, sunlight, metals and other scarce resources. The slope and smoothness of the terrain make it easier for the lander to land safely, and the temperature in the area is stable and suitable. Some of the high ground makes it easier for Earth-moon communication and better living conditions for astronauts.
We plan to make rational use of the lunar resources, mainly using 3D printing and earth-moon transportation technology, which is mainly divided into three stages:
1.”Preparation stage” : In the initial stage, the camp cannot be self-sufficient. First, Earth-moon transportation will be used to transport some necessities for lunar construction, such as food, 3D printers, collection and processing machinery and equipment, and some basic lunar facilities will be constructed.
2.”Construction phase”: screening and sintering of the weathered layer on the moon's surface, which is mainly composed of silicates, oxides, etc., and is an excellent raw material for 3D printing, with the aid of adhesives and catalysts, it will be possible to print parts or facilities for a wide range of applications. The 3D printing will be accompanied by tests of lunar plant cultivation, oxygen production, combustible ice processing, and solar energy harvesting to make the camp self-sufficient.
3.”Closing stage”: The 3D printed parts or facilities will be assembled, and the moon technology will gradually be perfected and matured, so as to realize the self-sufficiency of the camp for lunar exploration.
Since the moon lacks a magnetic field and atmosphere, our lunar camps take extra precautions to protect against radiation and keep warm. Experiments have proved that the lunar soil is a good anti-radiation and thermal insulation material, so we use 3D printers to use the lunar soil to print a 1.6-meter-thick protective wall on the surface of the lunar base building. For moondust, our closed base body will isolate it. When we go out, the rover and spacesuit are our umbrella. For meteorites, an emergency shelter will be built under our base (there are basic resources for life in the shelter) for us to hide in when meteorites strike, of course, our 1.6-meter-thick protective wall will also protect our base to a certain extent, and when the crisis is greater, we will also drive the lunar spacecraft to a safe place to wait for rescue.
Methods of water acquisition: bring (initial), heating lunar soil and mining water ice. Our bodies have convex lenses that reflect and concentrate solar heat to heat lunar soil and water ice to make water. In order to save and make full use of water resources, water recycling system is indispensable to us.
Initially, astronauts’ food was prepared on Earth and transported to the moon, including ready-to-eat meals, frozen fruits and vegetables, and rehydrated foods and drinks to meet the astronauts’ health needs of sugars, fats, vitamins and micronutrients. Once the camp is stable, the ecosystem will experiment with growing staple foods like potatoes and wheat, vegetables like lettuce and tomatoes, and even fish, allowing astronauts to grow and eat their own food to save on transportation costs.
For the acquisition of oxygen, the lunar soil rocks are first electrolyzed. After the lunar soil and rocks are heated and melted, the oxygen will be released in the form of bubbles. Second, electrolytic water, through the late exploitation of water and ice water resources become sufficient, electrolytic water can produce sufficient oxygen, by-product hydrogen can also be used as fuel. Air is recycled and transported to each cabin through the camp’s air circulation system.
We have two ways to obtain electricity: photovoltaic power generation and thermal power generation. The site of our camp has 80% to 90% sunlight in a year, so solar panels can be used to get a lot of energy. The thermal power generation material on the lunar vehicle is a dual use of power generation and meltwater project.
For the disposal of domestic waste, such as food scraps, paper, plastic and other solid waste, the camp will use recycling and incineration methods.
For waste gas treatment, mainly including carbon dioxide and formaldehyde, absorption treatment and REDOX treatment will be adopted: our camp has air purifiers and circulation transportation devices, to absorb waste gas through absorbent treatment, such as carbon dioxide adsorption through carbon sieve, formaldehyde adsorption through activated carbon, so as to achieve the effect of removing waste gas. Waste gas is treated through REDOX reactions, such as reducing carbon dioxide to oxygen and carbon and oxidizing formaldehyde to CO2 and H2O.
For the treatment of wastewater, we have a water purification device. The water purifier adopts the principle of micro-filtration (MF), ultrafiltration (UF), NF, reverse osmosis (RO) technology to filter out the suspended matter and impurities in the wastewater and sterilize it.
Satellite communications, we will place several satellites in lunar orbit in order to communicate with communication satellites on Earth. These communications satellites can transmit signals to communications relay stations on Earth before forwarding them to other lunar bases. Radio communication, which is less effective when communicating over long distances, but is very effective for short-range communication. We can use radio communication systems to communicate with other nearby lunar bases, or we can use radio telescopes to send signals to Earth.
At the lunar camp, space observation and biomedicine are the focus of our lunar camp.
The first is space observation, because the moon has characteristics such as almost no atmosphere, no magnetic field, weak gravitational field, and stable geological structure, so it is much easier to launch a deep space probe from the moon than on Earth. The establishment of an observation network on the lunar surface can not only carry out all-round continuous astronomical observations, but also monitor and study the geological structure and environmental changes of the earth, especially the possible threat posed to the earth by near-Earth space and even deep-space small objects, so as to protect human beings.
Secondly, biomedicine, natural laboratories and special material production bases Due to the special geographical structure and unique natural environment of the moon, many research and experiments that cannot be carried out on Earth can be successfully completed on the moon, which will play an unexpected role in promoting medical research and plant cultivation. Our lunar camp has a fully functional ecosphere, through which the whole process of seed germination, seedling growth and flowering of plants under low gravity and strong radiation conditions, or the hatching of eggs, the growth and development of larvae, and the breaking of cocoons into butterflies, verify the respiration of seeds and photosynthesis of plants in the lunar environment. If animals and plants can adapt to the lunar light for growth, then human beings can build a base on the moon in the future and carry out long-term scientific research work, which is of great significance to the future survival of human beings on extraterrestrial planets.
Astronauts are people engaged in space activities in a special occupation, they want to complete the flight monitoring, operation, control, communication, maintenance and scientific research inside and outside the cabin under special environmental conditions, and can live a normal life. This requires strict training for them, so that they have excellent physical and psychological quality, have a strong ability to adapt to the special environmental factors on the moon, and master all kinds of knowledge and skills necessary to survive on the lunar base.
The training astronauts need to carry out before the moon landing generally includes physical exercise, theoretical knowledge education, psychological training, endurance and adaptability training of special environmental factors, survival training and spacecraft technology training, aerospace medical engineering technology training, space science and application knowledge and technology training, survival training and comprehensive training. The specific requirements and content of training vary according to the category and occupation of astronauts. Professional astronauts, such as pilots and mission experts, have more training content, strict requirements and long training time, which generally takes about 3 years. Non-professional astronauts, such as payload specialists or scientist astronauts, have less and shorter training sessions. On the basis of comprehensive training, key training will be carried out in such aspects as space station technology, extravegeable activities, robotic arm control, psychological adjustment, in-orbit work and life. Each astronaut needs more than 6,000 hours of training to ensure that he/she is well prepared for the mission.
Our mission to the moon will require cargo and manned spacecraft:
First, the initial lunar necessary facilities such as food, 3D printers and collecting and processing machinery will be transported to the moon by the cargo spacecraft, which can serve as the initial temporary residence of an astronaut. Later, when the camp is completed, it can be disassembled and refitted as a vehicle to explore the lunar surface.
Second, The manned spacecraft carried three other astronauts to the moon and could be used as a shuttle between Earth and the moon.
Third, we will set up a lunar rover and a lunar spacecraft on the moon to carry people, collect and explore lunar resources.
